Explanatory Notes for Major Indicators

    Employment refers to total number of persons engaged in social economic activities that generate income, including:

    (1) Total formal employees

    (2) Reemployed retirees

    (3) Employers in urban private enterprises

    (4) Urban individual laborers

    (5) Employment in urban private enterprises and individual households

    (6) Employment in township and village enterprises

    (7) Rural laborers

(8) Other social laborers

Servicemen included in other social laborers

    Staff and Workers refers to those who work in (and receive income there from) units with state ownership, urban collective ownership, joint ownership, share holding stock ownership, limited liability corporations, foreign and Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan Chinese fund or other ownership and their affiliated units.

    On-post Staff and Workers refer to those who are practically working in a certain urban unit, including those who are temporarily absent because of study, disease, vocation or other reasons.

    Not-on-post Staff and Workers refer to those who have left his/her post and not engaged in other works the same unit, but still keep the labor relationships with the unit which he/she worked for.

    Year-end Number refers to those who are employed on the last day of the year.

    State-owned Units refers to various enterprises, institutions, and government administrative organizations at various levels, social organizations, etc., with state ownership of production means.

   Collective-owned Units refers to various enterprises and institution with collective ownership of production means, including various rural economic organizations engaging in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, enterprises and institutions run by townships and villages; collective enterprises and institutions run by cities, counties, towns, and neighborhood committees.

    Other Ownership Units involve joint ownership, share holding stock ownership, limited liability corporations, foreign and Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan Chinese fund or other ownership.

    Employment in Urban Private Enterprises and Individual units refers to those who have their population records in urban area and take part in productions or operations in urban private enterprises or individual units, and get earnings from the units, including helpers, apprentices and employees.

    Primary Industry refers to farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.

    Secondary Industry refers to mining and quarrying, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water production and supply and construction.

    Tertiary Industry refers to the sectors except primary industry and secondary industry.

  　Enterprises refer to those units engaged in economic activities such as production, circulation, operation or service, etc.

    Institutions refer to those units engaged in service activities for production and daily life, such as transportation, real estate, public affairs, health care, sports, education, social welfare, communication, science research, etc.

Organizations refer to those units engaged in organizing and coordinating activities on society, politics, economics and science, such as government and Party agencies, communities, social and personal services, etc.

Earnings refer to total remuneration payment to all employment in various units in urban area (excluded urban private sectors and individuals) during a certain period of time, including staff and workers and other employment (i.e., reemployed retirees or those who are from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan or other countries).

    Total Wage Bill of Staff and Workers refers to total remuneration payment to all staff and workers in various units in urban area (excluded urban private sectors and individuals) during a certain period of time. The calculation of total wage bill is based on the total remuneration payment. Therefore, wages and salaries and other payments to staff and workers should be included at all and regardless of its resource, category, both in kind or cash.

   Average Wage of Staff and Workers refers to the average wage level in money terms per staff and workers during a certain period of time, it is calculated as follows:

                        Total Wage Bill of Staff and Workers

   Average Wage of               in Reference Period

                     =  ________________________________________

   Staff and Workers      Average Number of Staff and Workers

                                 in Reference Period                       

    Average Real Wage of Staff and Workers refers to the average wage of staff and workers after deducting consumer price index, which is calculated as follows:

                         Average Wage of Staff and Workers     

  Average Real Wage of          in Reference Period                       

                       = ________________________________

   Staff and Workers          Urban Consumer Price Index 

                                in Reference Period                       

　　Urban Unemployment refers to those urban inhabitants who (1) aged 16 or above, (2)be able to but not work, (3)meanwhile looking for a job, and (4)available for work within two weeks.

    Urban Registered Unemployment refers to those who (1) with nonagricultural residence cards, (2) within a certain working age scope (16-50 for male and 16-45 for female), (3)be able to but not work, (4)want to work and have registered in the local labor exchanges for looking for jobs.

Urban Unemployment Rate refers to the ratio of unemployment in urban area to total employment and unemployment in urban area, which is calculated as follows:

                                 Urban Unemployment

Urban Unemployment Rate = ────────────────── X100%

                          Urban Employment + Urban Unemployment

    Urban Registered Unemployment Rate refers to the ratio of urban registered unemployment to the sum of employment in urban units (excluded those who have agricultural residence cards, reemployed  retirees, and those  who are from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan or other countries) and not-on-post staff and workers and employment in urban private sectors and individuals and urban registered unemployment. It is calculated as follows:

Urban Registered          urban registered unemployment

                  = _______________________________________________

Unemployment Rate   (employment in urban units- those who have

                     agricultural residence cards-reemployed retirees-

                    those  who are from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan or other

                    countries)+ not-on-post staff and workers + employment

                    in urban private sectors and individuals + urban

                    registered  unemployment.